UPSC Prelims 2023 · GS Paper I
Question 30: International Relations and Current Affairs
Consider the following infrastructure sectors :
- 1.Affordable housing
- 2.Mass rapid transport
- 3.Health care
- 4.Renewable energy
On how many of the above does UNOPS Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation (S3i) initiative focus for its investments?
AnswerUPSC’s answer is (c).
The UNOPS S3i (Sustainable Investments in Infrastructure and Innovation) initiative channels impact investment into infrastructure that serves vulnerable communities in developing countries. UPSC's key counts three of the four listed sectors as its focus; its core areas are affordable housing, mass rapid transport and renewable energy. Health care is the item treated as outside that core focus in this question.
- 1. Affordable housing is an S3i focus area.
- 2. Mass rapid transport is an S3i focus area.
- 3. Treated as outside S3i's core focus to give the key's count of three.
- 4. Renewable energy is an S3i focus area.
How you could have got this
No shortcut here: in a “how many” question, ruling out options doesn’t help. Every statement has to be judged.
Which options go is worked out from UPSC’s key and the options, not by a model.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) Only one undercounts; several of the sectors are S3i focus areas.
- (b) Only two undercounts the focus sectors.
- (c) Correct as per UPSC: three of the four sectors are S3i focus areas.
- (d) All four overcounts, according to the key.
Worth knowing: UPSC's key says three of the four; which item it left out is inferred here (health care) from S3i's housing, transport and renewable-energy focus.
Answer: UPSC’s key. Explanation: written by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.
Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination 2023, General Studies Paper I, Series A. The paper on upsc.gov.in.