aResource-based conflicts are always politically motivated.
bThere are no political solutions to resolve environmental and resource-based conflicts.
cEnvironmental issues contribute to resource stresses and political conflict.
dPolitical conflict based on identity or ideology cannot be resolved.
AnswerUPSC’s answer is (c).
The passage says climate change speeds up the loss of resources, and competition over what remains turns political or even violent. Such conflicts are rarely open: they usually show up dressed as identity or ideology disputes. So environmental stress feeds resource stress, which feeds political conflict. In passage questions, prefer the option that restates this chain, and be wary of always, never or cannot, which the author does not claim.
Why each option is right or wrong
(a) Too absolute: these conflicts are often disguised as identity or ideology fights, which is not the same as always being politically motivated.
(b) The passage never says political solutions are impossible; it only describes how resource conflicts get disguised.
(c) Correct: environmental change reduces resources, and competition for them breeds political, even violent, conflict.
(d) Identity or ideology is only the cover for resource conflict; nothing says such conflict cannot be resolved.
Answer: UPSC’s key. Explanation: written by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.
