UPSC Prelims 2015 · GS Paper I
Question 40: Environment and Ecology
Which one of the following is associated with the issue of control and phasing out of the use of ozone-depleting substances?
AnswerUPSC’s answer is (b).
The Montreal Protocol (1987) controls and phases out the production and use of ozone-depleting substances such as CFCs, halons and carbon tetrachloride. It is regarded as one of the most successful environmental treaties. The Kigali Amendment of 2016 later extended it to HFCs. Remember: Montreal means ozone, Kyoto means greenhouse gases, Nagoya means biodiversity access and benefit sharing.
Why each option is right or wrong
- (a) The Bretton Woods Conference set up the IMF and World Bank system.
- (b) Correct: the Montreal Protocol phases out ozone-depleting substances.
- (c) The Kyoto Protocol set targets for greenhouse gas emissions.
- (d) The Nagoya Protocol deals with access to genetic resources and benefit sharing under the CBD.
Answer: UPSC’s key. Explanation: written by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.
Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination 2015, General Studies Paper I, Series A. The paper on upsc.gov.in.