UPSC Prelims 2003 · General Studies

Question 7: Science and Technology

With reference to the work of human kidney, consider the following statements:

1.After the waste is removed in the kidney, the cleaner blood is sent back through renal artery.
2.From Bowman’s capsule, the filtered liquid passes through tiny tubes where much of the glucose is reabsorbed and sent back to the blood in the renal vein.

Which of these statements is/are correct?

aOnly 1

bOnly 2

cBoth 1 and 2

dNeither 1 nor 2

AnswerThe answer is (b).

Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery and leaves, cleaned, through the renal vein, so statement 1, which says the cleaner blood is sent back through the renal artery, is wrong. The filtrate from the Bowman's capsule passes down the renal tubules, where glucose, most of the water and useful salts are reabsorbed into the surrounding capillaries and taken away by the renal vein, so statement 2 is right. Remember: artery in, vein out.

1. Cleaned blood leaves by the renal vein; the renal artery carries blood into the kidney.
2. Glucose is reabsorbed from the tubules into the blood, which leaves via the renal vein.

Why each option is right or wrong

(a) Statement 1 is false: the renal artery brings blood in, it does not carry it back.
(b) Correct: only statement 2 is true.
(c) Statement 1 is false, so both cannot be correct.
(d) Statement 2 is true, so 'neither' is wrong.

Explanation: written by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.

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Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination 2003, General Studies. UPSC's own paper isn't online; the words are from a published compilation. The paper on upsc.gov.in.