Kush MotwaniAIR 11 · CSE 2023 · 375 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening
Sculptures in India since time immemorial have been a reflection of our culture and way of life - technically brilliant, aesthetically sensible, and expression of religion.
Body
Chronologically:
| Reflection of religion | Technical brilliance and aesthetic sensibility |
|---|---|
| 1. Eg: Mother Goddess | |
| ↓ | |
| crude, widespread | 1. Dancing girl |
| → tribhanga pose | |
| → lost wax technique | |
| → bangles etc | |
| 2. Eg: Priest king | |
| ↓ | |
| sense of fashion, meditative expression, authority | 2. Red sand stone torso |
| → well proportioned | |
| → depth effect | |
| → aesthetically sensible |
(II): Mauryan Age
Mother goddess: Legacy of IVC!
Animal sculptures: Eg: 4 lions at sarnath.
Eg: At Ahichhatra, Atranjikhera.
Didarganj yakshini
Yaksha Parkham ↓ reflects court & folk traditions.
Eg: Horse at Lumbini mentioned by Hieun Tsang
Stone sculpture
- stone elephant at Dhauli
III Post Mauryan Age:
Buddhist sculptures
Gandhara and Mathura school of Art
Amaravati school of Art
Jataka tales
cave sculptures
- Elephant friezes
- square plinths
- umbrellas
- carved pillars
- Greek and Roman styles
- use of stucco, draped clothing
- halo, muscular body in Gandhara
- Smile and inner happiness in Mathura
IV Gupta Age:
Sarnath school. Eg: Hindu gods and Ayudhas
use of various mudras
Abhay mudra - fearlessness
Bronze images of Buddha. Eg: Sultanganj Buddha
Varada Mudra - charity
Dhyan mudra - yoga
V. Medieval India and post-Gupta period
- Palas - buddhist bronze sculptures (Bodhisatvas - Tara, Padmapani, etc) → use of lotus, 4 arms, etc
- Pallavas and Cholas → extremely fine design, lost wax technique used in temples. Nataraja
- Temples - dashavatar, harihara, mahisasurmardini, kalyan sundar, saptamatrika, etc. → diversity of representation → tolerance → all in different designs Eg: varaha avatar of vishnu
- shown usually holding round earth
- in MP udaygiri shown holding bhudevi
- Bahubali at sravan belgola → large scale (60 ft +)
VI. Modern India
- Adi shankaracharya statue
- Ramanuja - equality statue
- SVP statue by Ram suthar (Statue of Unity)
- Parliament statue.
Close
Thus, in each age, sculptures have represented religion, technique and aesthetics
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