Ritika RathAIR 48 · CSE 2024 · 176 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening · a date or context
India's independence in 1947 was the result of long-awaited efforts but it came with multiple challenges.
Challenges
Body · points and prose
(1) Partition leading to communal violence (2) Poor state of economy, minimal indigeneous industries (3) Poor health - high mortality, poor health (4) low skills and consequently high unemployment (5) Cold war era which made international relations complicated (6) Inequality, poverty, poor housing and sanitation conditions
→ (1) Social welfare schemes like MGNREGA, PMAY, PM POSHAN etc. → (2) Agriculture revolution [e.g. Green Rev., Operation Flood] (after independence) [e.g., Punjab, Bengal] → (3) Settlement of partition refugees → (4) Non-Alignment movement
Social Inequality and Caste system persists [e.g., Dalit rights, Gender Inequality] [e.g., Gini coefficient of 0.419] → (2) High disguised employment in agri @ 45% [External Threats and National Security concerns] [e.g., 1948 Kashmir War, 1962 Sino-Indian War] → (3) only 4.4% Indians skilled [Agricultural Challenges e.g., Low agricultural productivity, Famine risks] [ESR 2023 45%] → (4) Separatist movements & terrorism still affect large parts of India
Close · a way forward
A multidimensional approach is the need of the hour
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