Astha JainAIR 9 · CSE 2025 · 288 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening · a definition
oil pollution refers to the release of oil in the open seas or on coast either due to mistaken failures or deliberately.
Body · points and prose
- Factors causing oil poll.
- a) Weak focus of ships & firms to ensure adequate safety of oil containers
- b) poor regulatory framework to guide oil handling
- c) Lack of timely security audits of vessels
- d) Delibrate attempt to dispose waste oil
Impacts on marine ecosystem
(1) Fisheries :- oil gets into their gills, cells etc -> affect their survival
(2) Organisms such as seacow, crabs etc face respiratory issues (eg) Alaska Disaster.
(3) Toxicity :- leads to mass death such as whales etc. (eg) Kerala incident 2024
(4) Hypoxic zones creation as oil & water can't mix -> oxygen related deaths
(5) Biodiversity decline -> oil hamper existencial conditions of marine fauna
(6) Coral reefs -> suffer as oil enter their bodies and pollutes it
Harmful for India - (1) Coastal ecology -> oil pollution cause immense damage to balance of ecology
(2) Huge dependence of coastal populations on oceans for livelihood -> affect their survival
(3) Food security -> fisheries decline lead to insecurity
(4) Economic loss -> production from blue economy gets affected (fisheries contribute 6% of agri GDP)
(5) Biodiversity zones impact (eg) Tamil nadu - Dugong
(6) Difficult to tackle & contain -> investment put extra burden on resources
(7) Harms ecological resilience -> as entire food chain gets affected
Ways to tackle -> a) Bioremediation (eg) Oilzapper -> b) Safety audits -> regular inspection of vessels -> c) Mechanical containment using machines -> d) Training & capacity building of coastal Guards, police, people etc -> e) NDMA guidelines on oil pollution must be implemented
Close · a way forward
None written.
1 more topper’s answer to this question, part by part, and how they all approached it: open the question.