The jurisdiction of the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) regarding lodging an FIR and conducting probe within a particular State is being questioned by various States. However, the power of the States to withhold consent to the CBI is not absolute. Explain with special reference to the federal character of India.

CBI - in combating corruption

1. has important role in Prevention of Corruption Act investigations.
2. works closely with other bodies like CVC, Lokpal and ED to seek accountability.
3. has held public servants and public policies under radar.

Some success stories → 2G scam, Adarsh society

But criticism due to partisan is seen as

1. Justice Lodha said that due to central appointment CBI is caged parrot and only speaks master's voice.
2. Lack of transparency and autonomy in functions as often gets bypassed under section 8 of RTI because deals with sensitive cases.
3. Used for settling political vendetta by ruling parties as often very low conviction.
4. Tampering with evidence.

Criticism - against federal spirit

1. As central body, takes precedence over state police (police = state list).
2. Despite having general consent provision; the consent is bypassed.
3. Used mostly in cases of states not ruled by the ruling party at the centre.

However certain positive roles -

(1.) Interpol appreciates its functioning (2.) Speedy investigations conducted (3.) Recently using high level tech for thorough investigations

In this situation Reforms -

(1.) As per Vineet Narain case give it legal structure as per CVC (2.) L.K Mishra committee also suggests transparency.