Kush MotwaniAIR 11 · CSE 2023 · 204 wordsTheir whole copy
Opening
India is an Observer Nation on the intergovernmental organisation Arctic Council.
In this context:
Main pillars of India's Arctic Policy:
Body
Pillar I : Research and development: → It should be for benefit of all humanity → should not be with an aim in synergy with Paris Agreement and target to reduce warming to 2° C. → India has set up Arctic Research Project 2007 → Indian scientist took part in MOSAIC mission
Pillar II : Environment protection: → synergy with Paris Agreement
Pillar III : Economic development:
→ resources arising from Arctic [mining] should not be monopolized ([oil, gas, etc]) → [UNCLOS principles] to be followed.
Pillar 4 : Transport: → [freedom of Navigation] and [Maritime safety]
Pillar 5 : Governance: → global cooperative approach. → in line with [SDG 17]
Why increasing interest in Arctic
- Climate change → Arctic sea ice melting
- New [SLOC (sea lanes of communication)]
- Presence of oil and natural gas and other minerals in Arctic (earlier they were inaccessible).
- IPCC AR 6 "Code Red for Humanity" ↓ Arctic warming [4 times faster] than global average
- Potential new route of conflict between USA and Russia
Close
Hence, geopolitical significance is increasing.
1 more topper’s answer to this question, part by part, and how they all approached it: open the question.