Is the National Commission for Women able to strategize and tackle the problems that women face at both public and private spheres? Give reasons in support of your answer.

Role of NCW → upheld

1. Monitors that safeguards for women, laws, schemes are upheld & implemented effectively. (Eg: Mission Shakti)
2. Investigates cases of violation of women's rights (Eg → Manipur: violence against women cases)
3. Maintains accountability of public officials in upholding women's rights. (Eg → response from police officials sought in delaying FIRs)
4. Suggests policy initiatives & changes to Centre & state govts.
5. Initiates campaigns for women empowerment (eg 'she is a changemaker' for women leadership)
6. Assists in rehabilitation & reintegration in society of victims. (eg sex workers)

Role of NCW → challenges

1. Lack of constitutional standing, dilutes its role (NCSC, NCST, NCBC - constitutional bodies)
2. It's directions are not binding.
3. Post facto investigation in most cases instead of active prevention
4. Lacks power to punish or award relief to victims.
5. Delayed intervention → challenges its efficacy.

Way forward

1. Constitutionalization of the Commission

1. Compulsory presentation of action taken report on NCW recommendations with reasons for non-acceptance, in Parliament.
2. Mandatory recommendation of NCW in women related policy matters.