Livestock rearing has a big potential for providing non-farm employment and income in rural areas. Discuss suggesting suitable measures to promote this sector in India.

Role of livestock in improving socio-economic condition

With India being an agricultural economy - livestock rearing becomes a natural option.

(1) It will help in doubling farmers income. (2) Farmers can indulge in allied activities like dairy farming, cattle rearing, etc (3) This can help farmers to diversify their source of income to avoid overdependence on agriculture. (4) This can help especially small & marginal farmers (~89%) as livestock rearing can be done on smaller land as well (5) The products of livestock rearing eg:- Milk, eggs, meat, etc can help earn more income (6) The products of livestock farming are desirable raw material for food processing industries (7) It can act as an insurance mechanism against crop failure (8) With climate change, erratic monsoon patterns are getting harmful for agriculture - in this case reliance on livestock can prove beneficial (10) This can also help in ensuring nutrition security in India along with food security.

Challenges:

(1) lack of awareness among farmers about scientific rearing practices (2) For livestock rearing is a capital intensive process (3) Zoonotic diseases become a challenge (4) Livestock related diseases eg:- Foot & Mouth disease, Brucellosis, etc (5) Overall management requires proper skill.