UPSC Mains 2015 · GS III · Q19 · 12.5 marks · 200 words

The persisting drives of the Government for development of large industries in backward areas have resulted in isolating the tribal population and the farmers who face multiple displacements. With Malkangiri and Naxalbari foci, discuss the corrective strategies needed to win the Left Wing Extremism (LWE) doctrine affected citizens back into the mainstream of social and economic growth.

हिन्दी में

पिछड़े क्षेत्रों में बड़े उद्योगों का विकास करने के सरकार के लगातार अभियानों का परिणाम जनजातीय जनता और किसानों, जिनको अनेक विस्थापनों का सामना करना पड़ता है, का विलगन (अलग करना) है । मल्कानगिरि और नक्सलबाड़ी पर ध्यान केंद्रित करते हुए, वामपंथी उग्रवादी विचारधारा से प्रभावित नागरिकों को सामाजिक और आर्थिक संवृद्धि की मुख्यधारा में फिर से लाने की सुधारक रणनीतियों पर चर्चा कीजिए ।

ExtremismInclusive Growth

How a topper answered the closest question

Toppers wrote this one in a test series: “How is development, or the lack of it, linked to the spread of Left Wing Extremism? Discuss the steps undertaken by the government to tackle it.”

Anudeep DurishettyAIR 1 · CSE 2017 · 216 wordsTheir whole copy

Opening · a definition

Left wing extremism or Maoism is a violent insurgent movement in India that seeks to overthrow democratic govt violently and establish proletariat dictatorship. Former PM Singh called it 'gravest threat' to internal security.

Reasons for rise of Maoist insurgency is both because of development and lack of development. LWE & lack of development

Body · points and prose

owing Red Corridor.

  • Marked regions:
    • Gadchiroli
    • Bastar
    • Nallamala hills
  • Legend: INDIA - 'RED CORRIDOR' Major Maoist strongholds

LWE & lack of development

  1. Mining and industrialisation led to land

alienation among tribal lands (Xaxa committee observation)

(2) As seen in Vedanta mining case, Dhongeia Khond tribals were forcefully evicted before Supreme court intervention

(3) Lack of health, education among maoist lands

(4) Poor employment opportunities leads to frustration, makes youth prey to maoist ideology

(5) Poverty among maoist lands also a cause of LWExtremism

Gov Steps

  • Development based
  • Security based

Security based:

a) SAMADHAN - based on tecnolgy, training of CRPF and modern aims

b) Satellite systems to monitor movement etc

c) Banned Maoist unit under UAPA act

Development based - Roshni scheme to improve skills

(2) Van Bandhu Kalyan Yojana to improve life of tribals

(3) RTE, ICDS scheme effective implementation in Bastar etc

(4) PESA act, FRA act to ensure tribal rights

Close · a summary

As Andhra pradesh example has shown, Marxism is a challenge that can be solved by effective combination of security measures (Eg: Greyhound) and development (FRA, PESA etc).

How toppers approach this question, and more on its topic: open the question.

Toppers’ answers to other close questions

Source: UPSC, Civil Services (Main) Examination 2015, General Studies Paper III, Q19. The paper on upsc.gov.in. Themes and links to toppers’ answers are by UPSC Grade, not by UPSC.